God Is Great – Not Allah.
The first great misconception about Islam is that it is a religion of peace. The second is that “Allah" is just another name for the Judeo-Christian God.
In other words, some people say, we all – Christians, Muslims and Jews – really worship the same God, the God of Abraham. People who believe this also believe that under those quaint turbans and burkhas Arabs really hold the same values we do, and that Islamic terrorists have legitimate concerns (which it's our fault for not taking more seriously) which they're expressing as best they can through terrorism. And they’re just as wrong about this, too, mostly for lack of the inclination and effort to do the proper research to know what they’re talking about.
Allah is not the Arabic word for "God."
According to an
excellent online survey the word
allah comes from the compound Arabic word
al-ilah.
Al is the definite article “the” and
ilah is an Arabic word for “god.” “By frequency of usage,
al-ilah was contracted to
allah, frequently attested to in pre-Islamic poetry,” according to the
Encyclopedia of Islam III:1093 (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1971).
It’s a purely Arabic word and has no counterpart in the Biblical understanding of the Trinitarian God or Yahweh. See Hastings’
Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, I:326, and J. Blau’s “Arabic Lexiographical Miscellanies” in the
Journal of Semitic Studies, volume XVII, number 2, 1972, pages 173-190 for further discussion on the matter.
Allah is not a Hebrew or Greek word for the God of the Bible, it is a purely Arabic term used in reference to an Arabian deity.
More scholarly findings on the matter:
· “‘Allah’ is a pre-Islamic name...corresponding to the Babylonian Bel.” (
Encyclopedia of Religion I:117)
· “The Arabs, before the time of Mohammad, accepted and worshipped, after a fashion, a supreme god called
allah.” (
Encyclopedia of Islam I:302, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1913)
· “Allah was known to the pre-Islamic Arabs; he was one of the Meccan deities.” (
Encyclopedia of Islam I:406, ed. Gibb)
· “The origin of
allah goes back to pre-Muslim times.
Allah is not a common name meaning “God” or a “god”, and the Muslim must use another word or form if he wishes to indicate any other than his own peculiar deity.” (
Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics I:326, ed. Hastings)
So who was "Allah?"
Okay, so Muhammad didn’t come up with the name Allah, it was already well-known to Arabs when Muhammad started the Qu’ran around 610 A.D. Of course his claim was that Allah was the Biblical God of the patriarchs, prophets and apostles. In other words, his claim to pagans was that Allah was the greatest of their pantheon of gods and his claim to Christians and Jews was that Allah was just the Arabic name for what they called God. Is that true, or is there some other “Allah” who’s really being worshipped here?
Among Arabs in pre-Islamic times worship of the moon god(dess) was common. According to Dr. Arthur Jeffery, one of the foremost Western Islamic scholars in modern times and professor of Islamic and Middle East Studies at Columbia University, “The name Allah, as the Qu’ran itself is witness, was well known in pre-Islamic Arabia. Indeed, both it and its feminine form, Allat, are found not infrequently among the theophorous names in inscriptions from North Africa.” [Arthur Jeffery, ed.,
Islam: Muhammad and His Religion (New York: The Liberal Arts Press, 1958), page 85].
The Quraysh tribe into which Muhammad was born in 570 A.D. was particularly devoted to
Allah the moon god, and especially to Allah’s three daughters, Al-lat, Al-uzza, and Manat, children of the moon god father
allah and the sun goddess mother. These three star goddesses were viewed as intercessors between the people and Allah. Muhammad’s father was named Abd-Allah, a name commonly found as Abdullah in Islamic countries today, which means “servant of Allah.” Muhammad’s uncle was Obied-Allah. So even before Muhammad began reciting the Qu’ran (he was illiterate and couldn’t write) there was a great deal of personal devotion to this moon god, Allah.
According to a survey of the
available archaeological evidence “the worship of the three goddesses played a significant role in the worship at the Kabah in Mecca – today the center of worship of Islam. Well-known Middle East scholar H. Gibb points out in his 1955 book
Mohammedanism: An Historical Survey that the reason the Qu’ran never explains who Allah is, is that “Muhammad’s listeners had already heard about Allah long before Muhammad was ever born.” Arabs worshipped about 360 gods at the Kabah in Mecca, but the moon god
allah was the chief deity – Mecca, the most sacred site of Islam was also the most sacred shrine of Arabian paganism since it was built as a shrine for the moon god.
Dr. W. Montgomery Watt, who was Professor of Arabic and Islamic Studies at Edinburgh University and Visiting Professor of Islamic studies at Georgetown University specializes in the pre-Islamic concept of Allah. “In recent years,” he writes, “I have become increasingly convinced that for an adequate understanding of the career of Muhammad and the origins of Islam great importance must be attached to the existence in Mecca of belief in Allah as a ‘high god.’” For further study see his book
Muhammad’s Mecca or his article “Belief in a High God in Pre-Islamic Mecca,”
Journal of Semitic Studies, volume 16, 1971, pages 35-40.
So what happened, according to Archaeologist Carleton S. Coon, who did extensive work in Arabia, was that “under Muhammad’s tutelage, the relatively anonymous Ilah, became Al-Ilah, The God, or Allah, the Supreme Being.”
What "Allah" Really Is.
According to Middle East scholar E.M. Wherry, whose translation of the Qu’ran is still used today, in pre-Islamic times allah-worship, as well as the worship of ba-al, were both astral religions in that they involved the worship of the sun, moon, and the stars. In Arabia, the sun god was viewed as a female goddess and the moon as the male god. In Islamic scholar Alfred Guilluame’s book
Islam, page 7, he records that the moon god was called by various names, one of which was
allah. This was the personal name, other titles could be appended. And in fact in the Qu’ran there are over 90 additional titles given to Allah – none is “love,” by the way, and the God of the Christian Bible is explicit: God is love.
The symbol of the worship of the moon god in Arabian culture and elsewhere throughout the Middle East was the crescent moon. Islam has continued to use the crescent moon as its symbol – crescent moons top all minarets and mosques, Islamic countries have crescent moons on their flags. Archaeologists have dug up numerous statues and hieroglyphic inscriptions in which a crescent moon was seated on top of the head of the deity to symbolize the worship of the moon god
allah.
Al-Kindi was one of the earliest scholars to compare Christianity to Islam. He grew up the Arabian culture shortly after Muhammad died and understood it intimately. He pointed out from a strictly Middle Eastern world view that Islam and its god Allah did not come from the Bible but from the paganism of the Sabeans. Al-Kindi realized that Muslims did not worship the God of the Bible but the moon god and his daughters al-Uzza, al-Lat and Manat.
An
allah idol was set up at the Kabah in Mecca along with all the other idols, according to Robert Morey’s
Islamic Invasion, pages 214-216. Correspondingly there is the Black Stone of Kaabah, said to be built by Abraham, there for Muslims today. The pagans prayed toward Mecca and the Kabah because that is where their gods were stationed. Today’s Muslims pray towards Mecca as well – when I was living in Boston I had a good Turkish friend who had a special compass which pointed towards Mecca.
The cult of the moon god, under whatever name, has been a continual snare for worshippers of God down through the centuries. The Old Testament is replete with warnings to beware the cult of the moon god and rebukes when the Israelites fell into this particular idolatry – see Deuteronomy 4:19 and 17:3; II Kings 21:3 –5 and 23:5; Jeremiah 8:2 and 19:13 and Zephaniah 1:5 just to get started.
That's why they call it the "fertile" crescent.
Islam spread fairly quickly throughout the Fertile Crescent, Mesopotamia. Worship of the moon god was common – temples to the moon god have been found from Turkey to the Nile. Everywhere in the ancient world, the symbol of the crescent moon can be found on seal impressions, steles, pottery, amulets, clay tablets, cylinders, weights, earrings, necklaces, wall murals and just about anything else that could carry an impression.
In Ur, the Stela of Ur-Nammu has the crescent symbol placed at the top of the register of gods because the moon god was the head of the gods. Even bread was baked in the form of a crescent as an act of devotion to the Moon-god – did someone mention
croissants? All right, since you asked:
In 1686 the Ottoman Turks tried to seize Budapest by digging under the walls of the city at night. Only the bakers were awake and working. They heard the noise and sounded the alarm, foiling the surprise attack of the Turks.
Their reward was permission to sell a delicacy at a premium price. They baked tasty, flaky bread in the shape of a crescent to mock the crescent of the Turkish flag. A more detailed account can be found in Stewart Lee Allen’s delightful, erudite book
The Devil’s Cup: Coffee, the Driving Force in History.
Islam’s use of the crescent moon as its symbol helped ease acceptance. Even today Islamic ritual follows lunar cycles: The Muslim fasting month of Ramadan is measured as “the month which begins and ends with the appearance of the crescent moon in the sky.” In honor of Allah, their beloved moon god.
A moon god for all times.
See, Muhammad did not simply appropriate the name “Allah” and paste it onto the Judeo-Christian God. The pagan Arabs worshipped moon god
allah by praying toward Mecca several times a day, making a pilgrimage to Mecca, running around the temple of the moon god called the Kabah, kissing the black stone, killing an animal in sacrifice to
allah, throwing stones at the devil, fasting for the month which begins and ends with the crescent moon, giving alms to the poor – all of which is still done today as part of Islam.
In fact, Islam is nothing more than a revival of the moon god cult. It has taken the symbols, the rites, the ceremonies, and even the name of its god from the ancient pagan religion of the moon god, and has nothing whatsoever to do with Christianity or Judaism. Least of all does its pagan (i.e. Satanic) moon god
allah have anything to do with God, Yahweh or Jesus Christ.